There are two opinions as to the origin - origin puppet. First, the idea that puppets originated and was first born on the island of Java, precisely in East Java. This opinion besides embraced and advanced by researchers and experts in Indonesia, also the research scholars of the West. Among Western scholars who belong to this group, is Hazeau, Brandes, Kats, Rentse, and Kruyt.The reason they are strong enough. Among
other things, that the art of puppet is very closely related to
sociocultural and religious state of Indonesia, especially Java. Panakawan,
the most significant figures in the puppet, namely Semar, Gareng,
Petruk, Bagong, only in Indonesian puppet, and not in other countries. In addition, names and technical terms puppet, all derived from the Javanese (Kuna), and no other language.In the meantime, a second opinion suspected puppets from India, brought together by the Hindu religion to Indonesia. They include Pischel, Hidding, Krom, Poensen, Goslings, and Rassers. Most of the latter group is the British scholar, the European country that once colonized India.However,
since the 1950's, the books seemed to have agreed that wayang puppets
originated from Java, and not at all imported from other countries. Puppet
culture in Indonesia is estimated to have been born at least in the
reign of King Airlangga, king Kahuripan (976 -1012), ie when the kingdom
in East Java that was prosperous prosperous. Literary works which are the puppet story was written by the poet Indonesia since centuries X. Among
other things, the text of the Book of the Ramayana literature Kakawin
Old Javanese language written in the reign of Dyah Balitung (989-910),
which is a spin-off of the book of Ramayana written by Indian poet
Valmiki.Furthermore,
the Javanese poet no longer just translating the Ramayana and
Mahabharata into Old Javanese language, but compose and retelling
Javanese philosophy by incorporating into it. For
example, the work of the professor Kanwa Arjunawiwaha Kakawin, which is
a composition that berinduk the Book of Mahabharata. Another
spin-off of the more obvious the difference between the original
version of the story derigan India, is Baratayuda Kakawin work professor
and professor Panuluh Sedah. Great work was done during the reign of King Jayabaya, king of Kediri (1130-1160).Puppet as a performance and spectacle had been started there since the reign of king Airlangga. Some
of the inscriptions that were made at that time, among others already
mentioned the words "mawayang 'and` aringgit' which means that the
puppet show.
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